How to make a colormap?

I want to write a program through OpenGL to display the scalar cloud of the flow field. Now I have a bunch of scalar values on the grid and its nodes. My current approach is to directly convert scalar values into color values and input them into OpenGL shaders for display. Of course, there is no problem, but I don’t know whether the GPU can withstand such calculations when the number of meshes reaches a certain number (maybe millions) (because OpenGL seems to calculate many values according to the interpolation of node colors).
So now I want to calculate several isolines and fill the corresponding colors in the isoline area. The new problem comes again. After I find the intersection of each triangular element and the isoline, how to draw the triangular element in different regions? For example, the picture below.

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