I’m not sure about Linux, I’m on Windows. Intel won’t make a difference – on my machine, WebGPU runs on both my integrated Intel card and my RTX.
WebGPU’s reasonably mature, so if you figure out the switches to get it running, you should be good.
You could also try Chrome Canary which may have it enabled by default… Otherwise just google around for how to get it working in Linux, should not be too hard to find the latest way to get it set up.